A=10Be (79AJ01)

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¹⁰Be (79AJ01)

(See Energy Level Diagrams for ¹⁰Be)

GENERAL: See also (74AJ01) and Table 10.1 [Table of Energy Levels] (in PDF or PS).

Shell model:(JA77I).

Cluster and α-particle models:(SE77B).

Special levels:(IR74A, IR76C, JA77I).

Electromagnetic transitions:(VO76C, BO77G, FL77A).

Astrophysical questions:(WE73T, RA74B, SC74J, GA75H, DA76R, FU76B, GI76C, LI76U, PE76G, RA76J, SC76B, SI76, VI76D, AU77F, DW77, GA77J, HA77I, MA77I, WE77C, WE77D, BU78C, ME78F, YO78E).

Special reactions:(FO74E, LA74C, RA74B, AB75A, CO75L, GR75F, KU75, RA75E, RA75F, RA75G, ZE75A, BU76G, LE76T, MI76F, OS76B, RA76J, VA76L, AR77B, FE77E, GO77E, MO77K, ST77V, YA77D, GE78B, GR78A, WE78B).

Muon capture and reactions:(MU73M, KN75C, DE78C).

Pion capture and reactions:(MI74F, BA75P, RE75, NO76F, AS77A, BA77XX, DO77A, BH78A, PE78).

Applied topics:(LI76U, MU77A, GU78, MU78, RA78D).

Other topics:(CA74M, IR74A, IR76C).

Ground state properties:(BE75Q, BE76L, BA77NN, FL77A).

1. ¹⁰Be(β^-)¹⁰B Q_m = 0.5559

The half-life of ¹⁰Be is (1.6 ± 0.2) x 10⁶ y; log ft = 13.42: see (74AJ01). The spectrum is of the D₂ type (WU50). See also (TA73E, BE76GG) and (SZ75A; theor.).

2. (a) ⁷Li(t, γ)¹⁰Be Q_m = 17.251
(b) ⁷Li(t, n)⁹Be Q_m = 10.4387 E_b = 17.251
(c) ⁷Li(t, p)⁹Li Q_m = -2.386
(d) ⁷Li(t, d)⁸Li Q_m = -4.225
(e) ⁷Li(t, α)⁶He Q_m = 9.838

The yield of γ₀ and γ₁ has been studied for E_t = 0.5 to 3.0 MeV (BL73; unpublished): see (74AJ01) and for E_t = 0.4 to 1.1 MeV (SU78A) [¹⁰Be*(17.79) is said to be involved]. The neutron yield exhibits a weak structure at E_t = 0.24 MeV and broad resonances at E_t ~ 0.77 MeV [Γ = 160 ± 50 keV] and 1.74 MeV (SE60E, VA61I, SE62A). Studies of reaction (c) have suggested the formation of the T = 2 state in ¹⁰Be but they have not been published: see (74AJ01). For reaction (d) see (74AJ01). For reaction (e) see (CI75A; σ for α₀; E_t = 75 to 400 keV) and (66LA04). See also (SU77O). For total breakup into neutrons and α-particles see (JE75C). See also (FO75B; astrophys.). See also ⁶He and ⁹Li.

3. ⁷Li(α, p)¹⁰Be Q_m = -2.5635

Angular distributions have been measured at E_α = 30 MeV (ME72C, KL60; p₀, p₁) and 50 MeV (BU75J; p to ¹⁰Be*(3.4, 6.0, 7.5, 10.7, 12.0, 17.8, 18.8)).

4. ⁷Li(⁷Li, α)¹⁰Be Q_m = 14.784

Angular distributions are reported for E(⁷Li) = 2.1 to 5.75 MeV (CA69B; α₁, α_2+3+4+5), 3.5 to 5.75 MeV (CA69B; α₀) and 30.3 MeV (GL71; α-groups to ¹⁰Be*(0, 3.4, 6.0, 7.4, 9.4, 10.7, 11.9, 17.9)). (GL71) also report an α-group corresponding to ¹⁰Be*(18.8). See also (OG73, KA78M) and ¹⁴C in (76AJ04).

5. ⁹Be(n, γ)¹⁰Be Q_m = 6.8118

The thermal capture section is 9.2 ± 1.0 mb (MU73I). Reported γ-ray transitions are displayed in Table 10.2 (in PDF or PS). See also (DU78; applications).

6. ⁹Be(n, n)⁹Be E_b = 6.8118

The cross-section data are summarized in (GA76F). Recent measurements of the total cross section have been carried out at E_n = 0.002 to 0.3 eV (KA75P; as a function of the temperature of the Be sample), 0.5 to 20.0 MeV (SC74E), 1.5 to 14 MeV (AU76D), 5.9, 10.1 and 14.2 MeV (DR77E; also σ_el), 20.7 to 43.9 MeV (BU74A; several energies), 900 to 2600 MeV/c (SC73B) and 34 to 273 GeV/c (MU75B, JO74F). Differential elastic cross sections have been measured for E_n = 7 to 15 MeV by (BI76A, HO76A). See also ⁹Be and (74AJ01). The coherent scattering length (thermal, unbound) is 7.74 ± 0.10 fm (MU73I).

Five resonances are reported in the total cross section at E_n = 0.63, 0.82, 2.73, (2.85) and 4.3 MeV; see Table 10.3 (in PDF or PS). Polarization and differential cross sections are reported for E_n = 0.2 to 2 MeV by (LA64, EL62, LA61). Analysis of these data leads to the 3^-, 2⁺ assignments for ¹⁰Be*(7.37, 7.55) (LA64). Below E_n = 0.5 MeV the scattering cross section reflects the effect of bound 1^- and 2^- states, presumably ¹⁰Be*(5.960, 6.26). There is also indication of interference with s-wave background and with a broad l = 1, J^π = 3⁺ state (LA64). The structure at E_n = 2.73 MeV is ascribed to two levels: a broad state at about 2.85 MeV with J^π = 2⁺, and a narrow one, Γ ~ 100 keV, at E_n = 2.73 MeV with a probable assignment of J^π = 4^- (BO51C, SC66H). The 4^- assignment results from a study of the polarization of the n₀ group at E_n = 2.60 to 2.77 MeV. A rapid variation of the polarization over this interval is observed, and the data are consistent with 4^- (l = 2) for ¹⁰Be*(9.27) (SC66H). A weak dip at E_n ~ 4.3 MeV is ascribed to a level with J >/= 1 (FO61B). The analyzing power has been measured for E_n-bar = 1.6 to 4.8 MeV (HO75). See also (HE74E), (HO75L, RO75O) and (BY78; theor.).

7. (a) ⁹Be(n, n')⁹Be* E_b = 6.8118
(b) ⁹Be(n, 2n)⁸Be Q_m = -1.6652
(c) ⁹Be(n, 3n)⁷Be Q_m = -20.565

Data on inelastic and non-elastic cross sections are summarized by (GA76F); the non-elastic and the (n, 2n) cross sections rise rapidly to ~ 0.6 b ( ~ 0.5 b for (n, 2n)) at E_n ~ 3.5 MeV and then stay approximately constant to E_n = 15 MeV. Cross sections for reaction (a) [to ⁹Be*(2.4)] and (b) are also reported by (DR77E; E_n = 5.9, 10.1 and 14.2 MeV) and for reactions (b) and (c) by (VE76; E_n = 14.7 to 24.0 MeV). Inelastic and non-elastic cross sections are also reported by (WE74I; 2.46 to 3.92 MeV), (BI76A, HO76A; E_n = 7 to 15 MeV) and (HY74; 14.1 MeV). See also (74AJ01, CA74P, KO74L).

8. ⁹Be(n, p)⁹Li Q_m = -12.825 E_b = 6.8118

Cross sections have been measured at E_n = 14.1, 14.5 and 14.9 MeV (AU73I, AU74D). See also (BO74JJ, GA76F).

9. ⁹Be(n, d)⁸Li Q_m = -14.663 E_b = 6.8118

The cross section for the (n, d) reaction has been measured for E_n = 16.3 to 18.7 MeV (SC69E).

10. ⁹Be(n, t)⁷Li Q_m = -10.439 E_b = 6.8118

The (n, t₁) cross section has been measured for E_n = 13.3 to 15.0 MeV: at the lower energy it is 7.3 ± 0.7 mb (DI76B). At E_n ~ 22.5 MeV the cross section for triton production is 44 ± 12 mb (QA78). See also (BI73O, BI75E, DR77E).

11. ⁹Be(n, α)⁶He Q_m = -0.600 E_b = 6.8118

The cross section for production of ⁶He shows a smooth rise to a broad maximum of 104 ± 7 mb at 3.0 MeV, followed by a gradual decrease to 70 mb at 4.4 MeV (ST57D). From E_n = 3.9 to 8.6 MeV, the cross section decreases smoothly from 100 mb to 32 mb (BA61B). At E_n = 14.4 MeV, the total cross section for the α₀ transition is 11.7 ± 1.8 mb (PA67F). Excitation functions have been measured for α₀ and α₁ for E_n = 12.2 to 18.0 MeV (SM76). See also (BO74JJ, CA74P, GA76F).

12. ⁹Be(p, π⁺)¹⁰Be Q_m = -133.537

At E_p = 185 MeV the π⁺ spectrum shows groups corresponding to ¹⁰Be*(0, 3.37 ± 0.12, 6.07 ± 0.13, 7.39 ± 0.13, 9.31 ± 0.24, 11.75 ± 0.11). Angular distributions have been obtained for the π⁺ corresponding to these six states (DA73F). Angular distributions are also reported at E_p-bar = 200 MeV to ¹⁰Be*(0, 3.37) (AU78A). See also reaction 3 in ¹⁰C.

13. ⁹Be(d, p)¹⁰Be Q_m = 4.5872

Angular distributions of proton groups have been studied at many energies. Except at the lowest energies the stripping process appears to dominate. In addition to the earlier work [E_d = 0.3 to 15 MeV: see (74AJ01, 66LA04)] angular distributions have been measured at E_d = 0.15 to 2.50 MeV (CH74T; p₀, p₁), 0.6 to 2.7 MeV (FR74B; p₀, p₁), 0.9 to 2.5 MeV (BO74U, BO74Z, BO74FF; p₀, p₁), 0.9 to 3.1 MeV (ZW75; p₀, p₁: average S = 2.26 and 0.18), 17.3 MeV (AN74E; p to ¹⁰Be*(0, 3.37, 5.96, 6.26, 7.37, 7.54, 11.76); S = 0.94, 0.17, 0.54, 0.36, 0.20 for ¹⁰Be*(0, 3.37, 5.96 [2⁺], 7.37, 7.54)) and at E_d-bar = 15 MeV (DA76J). In the latter experiment S = 2.1, 0.23 (j_n = 3/2) and 0.12 (j_n = 1/2), < / = 1.0, 0.065 (j_n = 5/2) and 0.132 (j_n = 1/2), for ¹⁰Be*(0, 3.37, 5.96, 6.26) (DA76J). The angular distributions show l_n = 1 transfer for ¹⁰Be*(0, 3.37, 5.958, 7.54), l_n = 0 transfer for ¹⁰Be*(5.960, 6.26), l_n = 2 transfer for ¹⁰Be*(7.37). ¹⁰Be*(6.18, 9.27, 9.4) are also populated, as are two states at E_x = 10.57 ± 0.03 and 11.76 ± 0.02 MeV (AN74E). ¹⁰Be*(9.27, 9.4, 11.76) have Γ_c.m. = 150 ± 20, 291 ± 20 and 121 ± 10 keV (AN74E).

Attempts to understand the γ-decay of ¹⁰Be*(5.96) and its population in ⁹Be(n, γ)¹⁰Be led to the discovery that it consisted of two states separated by 1.6 ± 0.5 keV. The lower of the two has J^π = 2⁺ and decays primarily by a cascade transition via ¹⁰Be*(3.37) [it is the state fed in the ⁹Be(n, γ) decay]; the higher state has J^π = 1^- and goes mainly by a crossover to ¹⁰Be_g.s.. Angular correlations measured with the γ-ray detector located normal to the reaction plane (angular distributions) lead to l_n values consistent with the assignments of 2⁺ and 1^- for ¹⁰Be*(5.9658, 5.9660) obtained from the character of the γ-decay (RO69C). ¹⁰Be*(6.18) decays primarily to ¹⁰Be*(3.37). E_γ = 219.4 ± 0.3 keV for the 6.18 --> 5.96 transition (AL69C). See Table 10.4 (in PDF or PS) for a listing of the information on radiative transitions obtained in this reaction (RO69C, AL69C), and lifetime measurements (WA66C, FI68C, AL69C). For (p, γ) correlations through ¹⁰Be*(3.37) see (74AJ01) and (HU75I, AL78G). For polarization measurements see ¹¹B in (75AJ02, 80AJ01). See also (TE77B), (MC78F; applied) and (RI77D; theor.).

14. ⁹Be(t, d)¹⁰Be Q_m = 0.5545

See (74AJ01).

15. ⁹Be(⁷Li, ⁶Li)¹⁰Be Q_m = -0.439

Angular distributions have been measured at E(⁷Li) = 34 MeV to ¹⁰Be*(0, 3.4): S = 2.07 and 0.42 (p_1/2), 0.38 (p_3/2) (KE77D).

16. ⁹Be(¹⁸O, ¹⁷O)¹⁰Be Q_m = -1.233

Angular distributions have been measured at E(¹⁸O) = 16 and 20 MeV (KN71).

17. (a) ¹⁰Be(p, p)¹⁰Be
(b) ¹⁰Be(d, d)¹⁰Be

Angular distributions of the p₀ and p₁ groups have been measured at E_p = 12.0 to 16.0 MeV. The elastically scattered deuterons have been studied at E_d = 12.0 and 15.0 MeV. B(E2) for the ¹⁰Be*(3.4) γ /--> ¹⁰Be(0) transition is 23.8 e² · fm⁴ (from a comparison of the angular distributions with DWBA predictions) (AU70C).

18. ¹⁰B(π^-, γ)¹⁰Be Q_m = 139.011

The total radiative capture branching ratio for stopped pions is (2.27 ± 0.22) %. The γ-spectrum is dominated by the transition to ¹⁰Be*(6.0) [J^π = 2⁺] (BA75P).

19. ¹⁰B(n, p)¹⁰Be Q_m = 0.2265

See (74AJ01).

20. ¹⁰B(p, pπ⁺)¹⁰Be Q_m = -140.123

At E_p = 895 MeV, ¹⁰Be*(0, 3.4, 17.7) are populated (AS77A, AS77E).

21. ¹⁰B(t, ³He)¹⁰Be Q_m = -0.5373

Not reported.

22. ¹⁰B(⁷Li, ⁷Be)¹⁰Be Q_m = -1.418

See (KO77BB).

23. ¹¹B(γ, p)¹⁰Be Q_m = -11.2287

Transitions to ¹⁰Be*(3.4) from upper region of the giant resonance in ¹¹B are reported to be about twice as intense as those from the lower region (PA71A): see ¹¹B in (75AJ02). Angular distributions of the p₀ and p₁ groups have been measured with E_bs = 18.5 MeV (SO70A). The yield of the 3.37 MeV γ-ray has been measured for E_bs = 100 to 800 MeV (AD75C). See also (BR77FF).

24. ¹¹B(n, d)¹⁰Be Q_m = -9.0041

The angular distribution of the d₀ group has been measured at E_n = 14.4 MeV (MI68F, MI71K).

25. ¹¹B(p, 2p)¹⁰Be Q_m = -11.2287

Structure is observed in the summed proton spectrum corresponding to Q = -10.9 ± 0.35, -14.7 ± 0.4, -21.1 ± 0.4, -35 ± 1 MeV: see (66LA04, TY66) and ¹¹B in (75AJ02).

26. ¹¹B(d, ³He)¹⁰Be Q_m = -5.7352

Angular distributions have been measured at E_d = 11.8 and 22 MeV to ¹⁰Be_g.s. [see (74AJ01)] and at 52 MeV to ¹⁰Be*(0, 3.37, 5.96, 9.60): S = 0.65, 2.03, 0.13, 1.19 (normalized to the theoretical value for the ground state); π = + for ¹⁰Be*(9.6) (SC75U).

27. ¹¹B(t, α)¹⁰Be Q_m = 8.585

Angular distributions of α₀ and α₁ have been measured for E_t = 1.0 to 2.1 MeV (SI69B). The γ-decay of ¹⁰Be*(6.18) has been studied: see Table 10.4 (in PDF or PS) (WA75E). See also (CI77D) and ¹⁴C in (81AJ01).

28. ¹¹B(¹²C, ¹³N)¹⁰Be Q_m = -9.285

See (AN74F).

29. ¹¹B(¹⁴N, ¹⁵O)¹⁰Be Q_m = -3.932

Angular distributions of the ground state transitions have been measured at E(¹⁴N) = 41, 77 and 113 MeV (LI71E).

30. ¹²C(⁶Li, ⁸B)¹⁰Be Q_m = -21.442

At E(⁶Li) = 80 MeV, ¹⁰Be*(0, 3.37, 5.96, 7.54, (9.4), 11.8) are populated and the angular distribution to ¹⁰Be_g.s. has been measured (WE76E, WE77, WE77A). See also (CE74B).

31. ¹²C(¹²C, ¹⁴O)¹⁰Be Q_m = -20.616

See (SC72I, AN74F) and ¹⁴O in (76AJ04).

32. ¹²C(¹⁸O, ²⁰Ne)¹⁰Be Q_m = -6.348

See (BA74C, CO75M) and ²⁰Ne in (78AJ03).

33. ¹³C(n, α)¹⁰Be Q_m = -3.836

See (GO74G) and ¹⁴C in (70AJ04).

34. ¹³C(¹¹B, ¹⁴N)¹⁰Be Q_m = -3.678

See (AN74F).