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GENERAL: See also Table 9.4 [Table of Energy Levels] (in PDF or PS).

1. 6Li(3He, p)8Be

Qm = 16.786

Eb = 16.598

The excitation functions for protons leading to the ground and 2.9-MeV excited states of ⁸Be have been measured for E(³He) = 0.9 to 5.1 MeV (θ = 0° and 150°, lab.). Resonances are observed at E(³He) = 1.6 MeV (Γ = 0.25 MeV, ⁹B* = 17.6 MeV) and 3.0 MeV (Γ = 1.5 MeV, ⁹B* = 18.6 MeV) (SC56F). However, J.W. Butler (private communication) suggests that the decrease in the yield for E(³He) >/~ 3 MeV can be accounted for by competition from the ⁶Li(³He, n)⁸B reaction with a threshold at 2.966 MeV. Angular distributions, taken at 6 energies, are isotropic at ~ 1 MeV and become increasingly asymmetric at higher energies. In particular, the ground state protons exhibit strong backward peaking for E(³He) >/~ 3 MeV (SC56F).

2. 6Li(α, n)9B

Qm = -3.979

See (RO56).

3. 7Li(3He, n)9B

Qm = 9.346

Not reported.

4. 9Be(p, n)9B

Qm = -1.854

The width of the ground state is < 2 keV (ST51E). At E_p = 6.59 MeV, a neutron group is observed corresponding to a level at 2.37 ± 0.04 MeV. A continuous distribution of neutrons, attributed to the (p, p'n) reaction, is also observed (AJ53, MA59: see also (JO50A) and ⁹Be). For E_p = 2 to 5.8 MeV, two neutron thresholds have been observed at E_p = 2.060 ± 0.003 and 4.645 ± 0.005 MeV (⁹B* = 2.326 ± 0.006 MeV + 1/2 Γ). The continued slow neutron yield above threshold suggests l = 1 neutron emission (MA55K). A broad threshold reported at E_p = 3.6 MeV appears to have been due to variation in counter sensitivity. It is possible, however, that part of the continuum neutron spectrum arises from a ⁹B level expected near 1.4 MeV (MA59). See also (KI57A, BO58).

5. 9Be(3He, t)9B

Qm = -1.089

The ground state angular distributions are peaked in the forward direction at E(³He) = 5.7 MeV (S. Hinds and R. Middleton) and 21 MeV (WE58C).

6. 10B(γ, n)9B

Qm = -8.439

See (SH51D).

7. 10B(p, d)9B

Qm = -6.212

At E_p = 18.9 MeV, deuteron groups are observed corresponding to the ground state of ⁹B and to an excited state at 2.40 ± 0.15 MeV. The angular distributions to both states, analyzed by pickup theory, show an l = 1 transfer, indicating odd parity, 1/2 < J < / = 9/2, for these states (RE56). The ratio of cross sections is in good agreement with an intermediate-coupling calculation (FR55H).

8. 10B(d, t)9B	Qm = -2.180
	Q0 = -2.187 ± 0.010 (BO56F).

9. 10B(3He, α)9B

Qm = 12.139

At E(³He) = 1 MeV, alpha-particle groups have been observed corresponding to the ground state of ⁹B and to an excited state at 2.58 ± 0.13 MeV (AL55B). At E(³He) = 2 to 3 MeV, groups are observed corresponding to the ground state and to levels at E_x = 2.37 ± 0.02 MeV and 2.83 ± 0.03 MeV. The widths are 80 keV and 300 keV for ⁹B*(2.37) and ⁹B*(2.83), respectively. There is no evidence of a well-defined state corresponding to ⁹Be*(1.75) (PO58A, PO59). See also (SP59A).

10. 11B(p, t)9B

Qm = -11.418

Not observed.

11. 12C(p, α)9B	Qm = -7.563
	Q0 = -7.58 ± 0.1 (RE55A).

At E_p = 18.8 MeV, alpha-particle groups have been observed to the ground state of ⁹B and to an excited state at 2.39 ± 0.08 MeV. The two α-groups are superimposed on a background possibly due to ¹²C(p, p')¹²C* --> 3α. The average differential cross section for the ground state group at E_p ~ 18 MeV is 3 ± 1 mb/sr. No other groups were observed up to E_x ~ 7.9 MeV (RE55A). The angular distribution of the ground state group at E_p = 15.6 to 18.6 MeV is consistent with triton pickup or knock-on theories, except for discrepancies at low angles (MA58I). At E_p = 29 MeV, the reaction appears to go to the ground state and to a level at 3.2 ± 1.0 MeV (NE55C: stars in a cloud chamber; ¹²C + p --> α + ⁹B --> 3α + p). At E_p = 32 MeV, groups corresponding to ⁹B(0), ⁹B*(2.4) and a new level at 7.0 MeV are observed (KN58).